Project Witness Four Photographs
POV through Alberto Errera's camera lens, as depicted in Four Photographs
POV through Errera's camera lens, as depicted in Four Photographs.
Grades 9-10

Four
Photographs

You are not going to read this all at once. You are going to move through it one image, one decision, one question at a time.

Aerial reconnaissance photograph of Auschwitz-Birkenau, December 1944
Aerial reconnaissance photograph of Birkenau, December 1944. The geometry of the killing apparatus is visible from above.
Before viewing

Know the ground before you step onto it.

The film is 90 seconds. It shows smoke, distance, fear, and the act of taking photographs inside Auschwitz-Birkenau.

It does not show recognizable victims' faces or graphic close-ups. If you need to step outside, you can do that without explaining yourself.

Alberto Errera archival portrait
Alberto ErreraTook the photographs
David Szmulewski archival portrait
David SzmulewskiLookout, organizer
Alter Fajnzylberg archival portrait
Alter FajnzylbergLookout, surviving witness
Helena Datoń archival portrait
Helena DatońSmuggler
Four names first

Not a topic. People.

Before the camp, before the photographs, before the argument, there are names. Each person made one part of the evidence possible.

A stylized image of a camera being pulled from ash
The camera, pulled from a bucket of human ash - as depicted in Four Photographs.
Prediction

Why take the risk?

Errera could not raise the camera to his eye. If a guard saw him, he could be killed on the spot.

Why would prisoners risk their lives to take photographs from inside the camp? What did they hope would happen?

This video has the microshort's original audio. The Listen button above plays separate lesson narration.

The film

Watch for one thing: the moment evidence is made.

As you watch, do not try to catch every fact. Track the camera: where it is hidden, how it is held, where the film goes.

The four Sonderkommando photographs at the end of the film
The film ends by returning to the real photographs.
Pause

No analysis yet.

One word for what you felt. Not a speech. Not a thesis. Just a word.

A composed visual of the four photographs from the episode
The four photographs at the end of the microshort, emerging from black.
Evidence

Look at one photograph at a time.

The uncropped versions keep the doorway and the failed aim. Those details are not mistakes to hide. They are part of what proves the situation.

A Chlorodont toothpaste tube - the type used in 1940s Europe
A Chlorodont toothpaste tube - the everyday 1940s European object inside which the film was rolled and smuggled past camp checkpoints.
Primary source

The note says what the photographs were for.

"Urgent. Send two metal rolls of film... Have possibility of taking photos. Sending you photos from Birkenau - from the gas chambers." Jozef Cyrankiewicz and Stanisław Kłodziński, September 4, 1944
Detail of a Leica IIIc camera
Leica IIIc detail. Per Fajnzylberg, the camera "looked like a German Leica." The instrument of the photographs the debate is about.
Your position

Is making evidence a form of resistance?

There is not one sentence in the film that tells you what to think. You have to build the claim from what you saw.

Choose the position you can defend right now.

POV through Alberto Errera's camera lens, as depicted in Four Photographs
POV through Errera's camera lens, as depicted in Four Photographs.
Create

Make a microstory.

Choose a person who made a record of something others wanted hidden. Keep it short enough that every choice matters.

Pick a medium.

Must include

One named person, one primary-source anchor, and a hook that starts immediately.

Must avoid

No invented dialogue from people whose words were not documented.

Helena Datoń walking out with film hidden in a toothpaste tube
Helena Datoń walking out of Auschwitz with the film hidden in a toothpaste tube, as depicted in Four Photographs.
Exit reflection

What changed in your understanding?

Complete the frame. Be specific enough that tomorrow you would still know what you meant.

Before this film, I thought evidence of the Holocaust came mostly from ___. Now I understand it can also come from ___. The hardest part of this story for me is ___ because ___.